Physiatry, also called Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, is a specialty that began in the 1930s to treat musculoskeletal and neurologic problems. The specialty focused its mission on enhancing and restoring functional ability and quality of life after many injured veterans returning from World War II began to look for ways to lead productive lives. Physiatrists typically treat patients after stroke, spinal cord injury, amputation, sports injury, traumatic brain injury including concussion, or other neurological injury. Physiatrists are trained in electrodiagnosis, also called EMG, which can help diagnose nerve and muscle pathology. In the United States, a PM&R doctor, or physiatrist, completes four years of college, four years of medical school and four years of residency training. To become board certified in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, a physician must pass a written and oral examination.